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package Net::LibIDN; use 5.006; use strict; use warnings; use Errno; use Carp; require Exporter; require DynaLoader; use AutoLoader; our @ISA = qw(Exporter DynaLoader); # Items to export into callers namespace by default. Note: do not export # names by default without a very good reason. Use EXPORT_OK instead. # Do not simply export all your public functions/methods/constants. # This allows declaration use Net::LibIDN ':all'; # If you do not need this, moving things directly into @EXPORT or @EXPORT_OK # will save memory. our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw( idn_to_ascii idn_to_unicode idn_punycode_encode idn_punycode_decode idn_prep_name idn_prep_kerberos5 idn_prep_node idn_prep_resource idn_prep_plain idn_prep_trace idn_prep_sasl idn_prep_iscsi tld_check tld_get tld_get_table IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES ) ] ); our @EXPORT_OK = ( @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } ); our @EXPORT = qw( IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES ); our $VERSION = '0.12'; # avoid prototyping error message sub IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED { return constant("IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED", length("IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED")); } sub IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES { return constant("IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES", length("IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES")); } sub AUTOLOAD { # This AUTOLOAD is used to 'autoload' constants from the constant() # XS function. If a constant is not found then control is passed # to the AUTOLOAD in AutoLoader. my $constname; our $AUTOLOAD; ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://; croak "& not defined" if $constname eq 'constant'; my $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0); if ($! != 0) { if ($!{EINVAL}) { $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD; goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD; } else { croak "Your vendor has not defined Net::LibIDN macro $constname"; } } { no strict 'refs'; # Fixed between 5.005_53 and 5.005_61 if ($] >= 5.00561) { *$AUTOLOAD = sub () { $val }; } else { *$AUTOLOAD = sub { $val }; } } goto &$AUTOLOAD; } bootstrap Net::LibIDN $VERSION; # Preloaded methods go here. # Autoload methods go after =cut, and are processed by the autosplit program. 1; __END__ =encoding utf-8 =head1 NAME Net::LibIDN - Perl bindings for GNU Libidn =head1 SYNOPSIS use Net::LibIDN ':all'; idn_to_ascii("Räksmörgås.Josefßon.ORG") eq idn_to_ascii(idn_to_unicode("xn--rksmrgs-5wao1o.josefsson.org")); idn_prep_name("LibÜDN") eq "libüdn"; idn_punycode_encode("kistenmöhre") eq idn_punycode_encode(idn_punycode_decode("kistenmhre-kcb")); my $errpos; tld_check("mèrle.se", $errpos) eq undef; $errpos == 1; tld_get("mainbase.mars") eq "mars"; my $hashref = Net::LibIDN::tld_get_table("de"); print "$hashref->{version}\n"; foreach (@{$hashref->{valid}}) { print "Unicode range from ".$_->{start}." to ".$_->{end}."\n"; } =head1 DESCRIPTION Provides bindings for GNU Libidn, a C library for handling Internationalized Domain Names according to IDNA (RFC 3490), in a way very much inspired by Turbo Fredriksson's PHP-IDN. =head2 Functions =over 4 =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_to_ascii>(I<$clear_hostname>, [I<$charset>, [I<$flags>]]); Converts I<$clear_hostname> which might contain characters outside the range allowed in DNS names, to IDNA ACE. If I<$charset> is specified, treats string as being encoded in it, otherwise assumes it is ISO-8859-1 encoded. If flag B<IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED> is set in I<$flags>, accepts also unassigned Unicode characters, if B<IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES> is set, accepts only ASCII LDH characters (letter-digit-hyphen). Flags can be combined with ||. Returns result of conversion or B<undef> on error. =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_to_unicode>(I<$idn_hostname>, [I<$charset>, [I<$flags>]]); Converts ASCII I<$idn_hostname>, which might be IDNA ACE encoded, into the decoded form in I<$charset> or ISO-8859-1. Flags are interpreted as above. Returns result of conversion or B<undef> on error. =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_punycode_encode>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); Encodes I<$string> into "punycode" (RFC 3492). If I<$charset> is present, treats I<$string> as being in I<$charset>, otherwise uses ISO-8859-1. Returns result of conversion or B<undef> on error. =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_punycode_decode>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); Decodes I<$string> from "punycode" (RFC 3492). If I<$charset> is present, result is converted to I<$charset>, otherwise it is converted to ISO-8859-1. Returns result of conversion or B<undef> on error. =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_name>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_kerberos5>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_node>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_resource>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_plain>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_trace>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_sasl>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); =item B<Net::LibIDN::idn_prep_iscsi>(I<$string>, [I<$charset>]); Performs "stringprep" (RFC 3454) on $string according to the named profile (e.g. *_name -> "nameprep" (RFC 3491)). If I<$charset> is present, converts from and to this charset before and after the operation respectively. Returns result string, or B<undef> on error. =item B<Net::LibIDN::tdl_check>(I<$string>, I<$errpos>, [I<$charset>, [I<$tld>]]); Checks whether or not I<$string> conforms to the restrictions on the sets of valid characters defined by TLD authorities around the World. Treats I<$string> as a hostname if I<$tld> is not present, determining the TLD from the hostname. If I<$tld> is present, uses the restrictions defined by the parties responsible for TLD I<$tld>. I<$charset> may be used to specify the character set the I<$string> is in. Should an invalid character be detected, returns 0 and the 0-based position of the offending character in I<$errpos>. In case of other failure conditions, I<$errpos> is not touched, and B<undef> is returned. Should I<$string> conform to the TLD restrictions, 1 is returned. =item B<Net::LibIDN::tld_get>(I<$hostname>); Returns top level domain of I<$hostname>, or B<undef> if an error occurs or if no top level domain was found. =item B<Net::LibIDN::tld_get_table>(I<$tld>); Retrieves a hash reference with the TLD restriction info of given TLD I<$tld>, or B<undef> if I<$tld> is not found. The hash ref contains the following fields: =over 4 =item * I<$h->>I<{name}> ... name of TLD =item * I<$h->>I<{version}> ... version string of this restriction table =item * I<$h->>I<{nvalid}> ... number of Unicode intervals =item * I<$h->>I<{valid}> ... [ {I<start> => number, I<end> => number}, ...] ... Unicode intervals =back =back =head2 Limitations There is currently no support for Perl's unicode capabilities (man perlunicode). All input strings are assumed to be octet strings, all output strings are generated as octet strings. Thus, if you require Perl's unicode features, you will have to convert your strings manually. For example: =over 4 use Encode; use Data::Dumper; print Dumper(Net::LibIDN::idn_to_unicode('xn--uro-j50a.com', 'utf-8')); print Dumper(decode('utf-8', Net::LibIDN::idn_to_unicode('xn--uro-j50a.com', 'utf-8'))); =back =head1 AUTHOR Thomas Jacob, http://internet24.de =head1 SEE ALSO perl(1), RFC 3454, RFC 3490-3492, http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn. =cut