ok
Direktori : /opt/alt/postgresql11/usr/share/doc/alt-postgresql11-9.2.24/html/ |
Current File : //opt/alt/postgresql11/usr/share/doc/alt-postgresql11-9.2.24/html/ecpg-sql-connect.html |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >CONNECT</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK REV="MADE" HREF="mailto:pgsql-docs@postgresql.org"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="Embedded SQL Commands" HREF="ecpg-sql-commands.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR" HREF="ecpg-sql-allocate-descriptor.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR" HREF="ecpg-sql-deallocate-descriptor.html"><LINK REL="STYLESHEET" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css"><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><META NAME="creation" CONTENT="2017-11-06T22:43:11"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="REFENTRY" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="5" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="index.html" >PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation</A ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR" HREF="ecpg-sql-allocate-descriptor.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="ecpg-sql-commands.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="20%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR" HREF="ecpg-sql-deallocate-descriptor.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><H1 ><A NAME="ECPG-SQL-CONNECT" ></A >CONNECT</H1 ><DIV CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" ><A NAME="AEN45154" ></A ><H2 >Name</H2 >CONNECT -- establish a database connection</DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" ><A NAME="AEN45157" ></A ><H2 >Synopsis</H2 ><PRE CLASS="SYNOPSIS" >CONNECT TO <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_target</I ></TT > [ AS <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_name</I ></TT > ] [ USER <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_user</I ></TT > ] CONNECT TO DEFAULT CONNECT <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_user</I ></TT > DATABASE <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_target</I ></TT ></PRE ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSECT1" ><A NAME="AEN45164" ></A ><H2 >Description</H2 ><P > The <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >CONNECT</TT > command establishes a connection between the client and the PostgreSQL server. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSECT1" ><A NAME="AEN45168" ></A ><H2 >Parameters</H2 ><P ></P ><DIV CLASS="VARIABLELIST" ><DL ><DT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_target</I ></TT ></DT ><DD ><P > <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_target</I ></TT > specifies the target server of the connection on one of several forms. <P ></P ></P><DIV CLASS="VARIABLELIST" ><DL ><DT >[ <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >database_name</I ></TT > ] [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >@</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >host</I ></TT > ] [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >:</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >port</I ></TT > ]</DT ><DD ><P > Connect over TCP/IP </P ></DD ><DT ><TT CLASS="LITERAL" >unix:postgresql://</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >host</I ></TT > [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >:</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >port</I ></TT > ] <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >/</TT > [ <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >database_name</I ></TT > ] [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >?</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_option</I ></TT > ]</DT ><DD ><P > Connect over Unix-domain sockets </P ></DD ><DT ><TT CLASS="LITERAL" >tcp:postgresql://</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >host</I ></TT > [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >:</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >port</I ></TT > ] <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >/</TT > [ <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >database_name</I ></TT > ] [ <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >?</TT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_option</I ></TT > ]</DT ><DD ><P > Connect over TCP/IP </P ></DD ><DT >SQL string constant</DT ><DD ><P > containing a value in one of the above forms </P ></DD ><DT >host variable</DT ><DD ><P > host variable of type <TT CLASS="TYPE" >char[]</TT > or <TT CLASS="TYPE" >VARCHAR[]</TT > containing a value in one of the above forms </P ></DD ></DL ></DIV ><P> </P ></DD ><DT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_object</I ></TT ></DT ><DD ><P > An optional identifier for the connection, so that it can be referred to in other commands. This can be an SQL identifier or a host variable. </P ></DD ><DT ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >connection_user</I ></TT ></DT ><DD ><P > The user name for the database connection. </P ><P > This parameter can also specify user name and password, using one the forms <TT CLASS="LITERAL" ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >user_name</I ></TT >/<TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >password</I ></TT ></TT >, <TT CLASS="LITERAL" ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >user_name</I ></TT > IDENTIFIED BY <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >password</I ></TT ></TT >, or <TT CLASS="LITERAL" ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >user_name</I ></TT > USING <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >password</I ></TT ></TT >. </P ><P > User name and password can be SQL identifiers, string constants, or host variables. </P ></DD ><DT ><TT CLASS="LITERAL" >DEFAULT</TT ></DT ><DD ><P > Use all default connection parameters, as defined by libpq. </P ></DD ></DL ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSECT1" ><A NAME="AEN45247" ></A ><H2 >Examples</H2 ><P > Here a several variants for specifying connection parameters: </P><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >EXEC SQL CONNECT TO "connectdb" AS main; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO "connectdb" AS second; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO "unix:postgresql://200.46.204.71/connectdb" AS main USER connectuser; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO "unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb" AS main USER connectuser; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO 'connectdb' AS main; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO 'unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb' AS main USER :user; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO :db AS :id; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO :db USER connectuser USING :pw; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO @localhost AS main USER connectdb; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO REGRESSDB1 as main; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO AS main USER connectdb; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO connectdb AS :id; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO connectdb AS main USER connectuser/connectdb; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO connectdb AS main; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO connectdb@localhost AS main; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO tcp:postgresql://localhost/ USER connectdb; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO tcp:postgresql://localhost/connectdb USER connectuser IDENTIFIED BY connectpw; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO tcp:postgresql://localhost:20/connectdb USER connectuser IDENTIFIED BY connectpw; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO unix:postgresql://localhost/ AS main USER connectdb; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb AS main USER connectuser; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb USER connectuser IDENTIFIED BY "connectpw"; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb USER connectuser USING "connectpw"; EXEC SQL CONNECT TO unix:postgresql://localhost/connectdb?connect_timeout=14 USER connectuser;</PRE ><P> </P ><P > Here is an example program that illustrates the use of host variables to specify connection parameters: </P><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >int main(void) { EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION; char *dbname = "testdb"; /* database name */ char *user = "testuser"; /* connection user name */ char *connection = "tcp:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb"; /* connection string */ char ver[256]; /* buffer to store the version string */ EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION; ECPGdebug(1, stderr); EXEC SQL CONNECT TO :dbname USER :user; EXEC SQL SELECT version() INTO :ver; EXEC SQL DISCONNECT; printf("version: %s\n", ver); EXEC SQL CONNECT TO :connection USER :user; EXEC SQL SELECT version() INTO :ver; EXEC SQL DISCONNECT; printf("version: %s\n", ver); return 0; }</PRE ><P> </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSECT1" ><A NAME="AEN45253" ></A ><H2 >Compatibility</H2 ><P > <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >CONNECT</TT > is specified in the SQL standard, but the format of the connection parameters is implementation-specific. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="REFSECT1" ><A NAME="AEN45257" ></A ><H2 >See Also</H2 ><A HREF="ecpg-sql-disconnect.html" >DISCONNECT</A >, <A HREF="ecpg-sql-set-connection.html" >SET CONNECTION</A ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="ecpg-sql-allocate-descriptor.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="ecpg-sql-deallocate-descriptor.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="ecpg-sql-commands.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >